Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein is the main target for current vaccines, since antibodies directed against SARSCoV-2 spike can block the fusion between the virus and host cell membrane, inhibiting the infection ( 2, 3).Ĭurrently, authorized vaccines for COVID-19 include the mRNA vaccines: BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech) and mRNA-1273 (Moderna) and the adenoviral-vectored vaccines: ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (University of Oxford/AstraZeneca) and (Janssen). The efforts of the scientific community to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) associated mortality and morbidity have resulted in multiple vaccines worldwide available and approved for use. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-COV-2) infection has led to a global pandemic and a public health crisis, resulting in over 4,806,841 deaths at the time of publication ( 1). In light of expected third dose, large-scale and well-designed studies are needed to better define possible adverse reactions of the COVID-19 vaccine. However, due to the small sample size, a definite cause–effect relationship between vaccination and vertigo cannot be inferred. Due to the prevalence of nystagmus of non-peripheral origin, a central nervous system involvement could not be excluded. Bedside examination showed absent nystagmus in 7 patients (21.2%), 9 patients (27.3%) had horizontal or rotatory nystagmus, 17 patients (51.5%) had a vertical or oblique nystagmus, negative HST, or “central HINTS.”ĭiscussion and Conclusions: The 9 patients had an evoked nystagmus pathognomonic for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo in the remaining 17 cases, peripheral vestibular dysfunction could be excluded and central disorder may be suggested. Of the associated ear, nose, and throat (ENT) symptoms, the most expressed was tinnitus (18.2%). Results: Symptoms included 16 patients (48.5%) with objective vertigo, 14 patients (42.4%) with subjective vertigo, and 3 patients (9.1%) with dizziness. Head shaking test-induced nystagmus, hyperventilation-induced nystagmus, and parossistic positional nystagmus were studied to search for vestibular impairment. All patients underwent otoneurological evaluation, such as head impulse test, nystagmus evaluation, test of skew (HINTS) examination. A detailed medical history was taken on comorbidities, types of vaccines received, and symptoms associated. Methods: In the period from May to July 2021, we evaluated 33 patients (mean age 54.3 ± 14.1) with “acute vertigo” post COVID-19 vaccination. Vasovagal reactions are also short-lived, and resolve after a while, making it much different from anaphylaxis.Objective: The aim of this study was to present some cases of acute vertigo potentially related to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine and review the available literature about cochleovestibular dysfunction after the COVID-19 vaccination. Most importantly, events related to fainting or lightheadedness, while they do require attention, should be especially looked into if a person also reports adverse reactions such as swelling, difficulty in breathing, nausea, vomiting, skin reactions, extremely low blood pressure as well. For one, while vasovagal reactions, fainting strike within the first few minutes of injection of the dose, allergic reactions happen when an allergen is absorbed, and then consequently recognized by the immune system, which can take upto 20-30 minutes post-vaccination to show up.Īllergic reactions are also most likely to afflict those who have a history of reactions, or are sensitive to one or more ingredients present in the vaccine. While experiencing side-effects such as fainting and extreme dizziness could be worrisome, experts do point out that these side-effects, or vasovagal reactions differ from allergic reactions or anaphylaxis (which require immediate attention).
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